Which Form is designated for plans that only cover a single owner and their spouse?

The correct answer is that the Form 5500-EZ is specifically designated for retirement plans that cover only a single owner and their spouse, especially in situations where the plan is a one-participant plan. This form is a simplified version of the standard Form 5500 and is required to be filed by single-owner plans that don't meet the criteria for filing a complete Form 5500.

For small businesses or self-employed individuals who have a 401(k) plan that only covers themselves and their spouse, the Form 5500-EZ serves as a more streamlined reporting mechanism. This is advantageous because it reduces the administrative burden for small business owners, allowing them to comply with federal requirements without having to go through the more complex processes required for larger plans.

Other forms, such as Form 5500, Form 5500-SF, and Form 5500-S, cater to different plan structures or sizes. For example, general Form 5500 applies to multi-participant plans and requires extensive disclosures, while Form 5500-SF is for small plans with fewer than 100 participants that meet specific criteria. Form 5500-S does not exist as an official form in this context.